Īt a sample location at coordinates 5☄5′N 77☁5′W / 5.75°N 77.25°W / 5.75 -77.25 the Köppen climate classification is "Af": equatorial fully humid. The central region receives the most rain, in some areas as high as 13,000 millimetres (510 in), while the north and south are comparatively drier, and in some parts have short dry seasons in January–March. Lower down the rivers broaden out and meander through the plains. The heavy rainfall gives these rivers great power, cutting deep gorges through the mountains with dramatic falls and rapids in the upper reaches. The ecoregion contains the basin of the Atrato River in the north, and further south the basins of the Baudó, San Juan, San Juan de Micay and Patía rivers. Subregions include the hilly region of Darién and Urabá in the north the Pacific coastal zone with elevations up to about 500 metres (1,600 ft) the central strip the hills of the El Carmen de Atrato and San José del Palmar municipalities and the rainforest along the western Andes up to an elevation of about 1,000 metres (3,300 ft). Younger and more fertile soils are found along the Andes and in the main river floodplains. The soils are typically red clay laterite, leached of most nutrients by the heavy rain. Terrain includes recently formed alluvial plains, hills formed in the Tertiary and Pleistocene from dissection of sediments, and older Mesozoic era rocks in the mountains. It includes the western slopes of the Andes and the Cerro Torrá, Serranía del Darién, Sierra Llorona de San Blas and Serranía del Baudó massifs. The ecoregion is between the Pacific Ocean and the Western Ranges of the Andes, with elevations from sea level to about 1,000 metres (3,300 ft). ![]() In the extreme south the ecoregion merges into the Western Ecuador moist forests ecoregion. In the southeast an arm of the Patía Valley dry forests reaches down to the ecoregion. On the Pacific coast there are stretches of South American Pacific mangroves. ![]() To the east it adjoins the Magdalena–Urabá moist forests near the Caribbean coast, and then adjoins the Northwestern Andean montane forests ecoregion along the Andes to the east. The northern section merges into Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests to the west in the Isthmus of Panama, and contains patches of Eastern Panamanian montane forests.Īlong the Caribbean coast there is a stretch of Amazon–Orinoco–Southern Caribbean mangroves. In Panama it is in the Darién and Guna Yala provinces. In Colombia the ecoregion is in the Chocó, Cauca, Valle del Cauca and Nariño departments. They are bounded to the east by the Andes, which separate them from the Amazon and Orinoco ecoregions. The Chocó–Darién moist forests extend along most of the Pacific coast of Colombia and extend north into Panama along the Caribbean coast. The northern and southern parts of the ecoregion have been considerably modified for ranching and farming, and there are threats from logging for paper pulp, uncontrolled gold mining, coca growing and industrialisation, but the central part of the ecoregion is relatively intact. ![]() The region has extremely high rainfall, and the forests hold great biodiversity. The Chocó–Darién moist forests (NT0115) is an ecoregion in the west of Colombia and east of Panama.
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